Use the knob or the arrow keys to further reduce the resolution bandwidth and better resolve the signals. As you decrease the resolution bandwidth, you improve resolution of the individual signals and also increased the sweep timed. For fastest measurement times, use the widest possible resolution bandwidth. Under factory preset conditions, the resolution bandwidth is coupled to the span. This example uses narrow resolution bandwidths to resolve two input signals with a frequency separation of 50 kHz and an amplitude difference of 60 dB.
Set the other source to Place a delta marker on the smaller signal:. This section provides information on measuring lowlevel signals and distinguishing them from spectrum noise. There are four main useful techniques as follows to measure a lowlevel signal.
The ability to measure a lowlevel signal is limited by internally generated noise in the spectrum analyzer. The input attenuator affects the level of a signal passing through the analyzer. If a signal is very close to the noise floor, reducing input attenuation will bring the signal out of the noise. Note that increasing the attenuation moves the noise floor closer to the signal level.
Resolution bandwidth settings affect the level of internal noise without affecting the level of continuous wave CW signals. Decreasing the RBW by a decade reduces the noise floor by 10 dB. Slower sweeps are required to average more noise variations. Note how the noise smoothes out, as there is more time to average the values for each of the displayed data points. Averaging is a digital process in which each trace point is averaged with the previous average for the same trace point. Selecting averaging, when the analyzer is auto coupled, changes the detection mode to sample, smoothing the displayed noise level.
As the averaging routine smoothes the trace, low level signals become more visible. Factory Preset. This section provides information on measuring and identifying signal distortion. High level input signals may cause analyzer distortion products that could mask the real distortion measured on the input signal. Use trace and the RF attenuator to determine which signals, if any, are internally generated distortion products. In this example, use a signal from a signal generator to determine whether the harmonic distortion products are generated by the analyzer.
The signal produces harmonic distortion products spaced MHz from the original MHz signal. Please refer to figure below shows the stored data in trace 2 and the measured data in trace 1. The Marker indicator reads the difference in amplitude between the reference and active markers. This causes the marker to be positive.
Large marker readout indicates significant measurement errors. Set the input attenuator to minimize the absolute value of marker. Twotone, thirdorder intermodulation distortion is a common test in communication systems. When two signals are present in a nonlinear system, they may interact and create thirdorder intermodulation distortion TOI products that are located close to the original signals.
System components such as amplifiers and mixers generates these distortion products. In this example we test a device for thirdorder intermodulation using markers. Two sources are used, one set to MHz and the other to.
This combination of signal generators, low pass filters, and directional coupler used as a combiner results in a twotone source with very low intermodulation distortion. Welcome to ManualMachine. We have sent a verification link to to complete your registration.
Log In Sign Up. Forgot password? Enter your email address and check your inbox. Please check your email for further instructions. Enter a new password. Agilent Technologies. China Software Revision This guide is valid for A. Restricted Rights Legend If software is for use in the performance of a U. It calls attention to CA C U A T U IO - N an operating procedure, practice, or the like that, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in damage to the product or loss of important data.
It calls attention to WARNING an operating procedure, practice, or the like that, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in personal injury or death. Agilent Technologies 1. Charging indicator Lights when the battery is charging. LAN Interface For future expansion 7. NA Overview 1 Working with Batteries Use the original battery supplied with the instrument or a genuine equivalent replacement from Agilent.
Step Notes 1 Open the battery cover Use a cross-head type screwdriver to remove the screw, then pull the cover open. Never use a modified or damaged AC-DC adapter. When the battery is fully charged, the green charging indicator turns off. Do NOT dispose of batteries in a fire. Batteries must be recycled or disposed of properly.
Recharge the battery only in the analyzer. Never use a damaged or worn-out adapter or battery. Charging the batteries internally, even while the analyzer is powered off, the analyzer may become warm. To avoid overheating, always disconnect the analyzer from the AC adapter before storing the analyzer into the soft carrying case.
Not all the USB disk are built that way. If you have problems connecting a particular USB disk, please reboot the analyzer before inserting the next.
Temperature extremes will affect the ability of the battery NOTE to charge. Allow the battery to cool down or warm up as necessary before use or charging. Storing a battery in extreme hot or cold places will reduce the capacity and lifetime of a battery.
Battery storage is recommended at a temperature of less than 45 o C. The LAN port is reserved for future expansion. It is NOTE inactive at this version. Instrument Markings. The CE mark shows that the product complies with all relevant European Legal Directives If accompanied by a year, it signifies when the design was proven.
The standby symbol is used to mark a position of the instrument power switch. Getting Started 2 Powering on the Analyzer for the First Time A NA is fitted with a transflective screen, which is viewable under all lighting conditions. In bright lighting conditions, the display is brighter and easier to read when you allow light to fall directly on the screen. Use original standard adapter for AC-DC conversion.
Avoid connecting a signal into the analyzer that exceeds the maximum level. Power on your NA Insert the battery into the analyzer or connect the analyzer to an external line power supply via the ACDC adapter, then press the power switch on the front panel of your NA to power on the analyzer. Install Use battery stick stand Press Power Switch. Entering Data When setting measurement parameters, there are several ways to enter or modify the value of an active function: 1 Using Knob Increases or decreases the current value.
Preparing the Modulation Format The modulation format can be turned before or after setting the other modulation parameters. Simultaneous Modulations The signal generator can generate multiple modulation formats simultaneously. The following table some of the capability to generate the simultaneous modulation formats. A low frequency signal is typically called the audio frequency. You can save the instrument state information to either local memory or external to a USB memory stick or disk.
Page Key Reference Key Reference Key Reference This chapter describes the front panel hardkeys and associated softkeys, and the default value for each key. The chapter is organized alphabetically by front panel hardkey. Each section in this chapter illustrates the softkey menus and their descriptions. The active entry area of the display will show the current AM depth value. Amplitude becomes the active function and the active entry area of the instrument display will show the current value.
Using Enter hardkey together with arrow keys or knob to modify a data value. Initiate a single sweep. Page File Key Reference File Pressing hardkey reveals a softkey submenu for saving, File recalling, or deleting a customized configuration file. Page 70 Key Reference Save Press the Save softkey to enable the instrument to save the current instrument status into a file and edit the file name. The instrument will save a maximum of 20 files in the local Preset memory. Pressing the hardkey or performing a power cycle will not affect any configuration files in local memory.
Page 71 Key Reference Press the hardkey to access the submenu selections for FM modulation configurations and settings. Page 72 Key Reference FM Deviation Press this softkey to access the frequency modulation deviation control value setting. The active entry area of the instrument display will show the current FM deviation value. The allowable value range for FM is 20 Hz to kHz. The minimum incremental value is 0.
Frequency becomes the active function and the active entry area will display the current value. The allowable frequency range is 9 kHz to 3 GHz. Preset After pressing hardkey, the annunciator will be displayed on the screen indicating the modulator is active. Page Phase Modulation Key Reference Phase Modulation Pressing the hardkey reveals a submenu of softkeys for phase modulation configurations.
The current value of FM rate will be displayed in the active entry area. Page Preset Key Reference Preset Preset Press the hardkey to set the signal generator to the preset factory default conditions. Pressing this hardkey will not clear the customized configuration files that have been saved. Using the preset hardkey will give the user the advantage of knowing exactly what all instrument settings will be. Page Pulse Key Reference Pulse Press the hardkey accesses the submenu for pulse Pulse modulation configuration settings.
Page 82 Key Reference Pulse Period Press this softkey to modify the pulse period of the internal pulse signal. The current pulse period value will show in the active function area of the display. The pulse period applies only to the internal pulse signal. The softkey Sweep menu is used to define the frequency, amplitude, and dwell time information for step sweep or list sweep. Enters sweep state submenu: Sweep State Disables a sweep Enables radio frequency sweep mode Enables low frequency sweep mode Enables amplitude sweep mode Page 86 Key Reference Case 1.
Sweep trigger and Point trigger are both set to Immediate IMM : the signal generator initiates an RF sweep over the points immediately and automatically. Case 2. Both the frequency and the amplitude can be set at arbitrary values. This function is available only when the sweep type is set list sweep. The range is 9 kHz to 3 GHz, with a 0. The start frequency must always be set to a frequency less than the stop frequency in an RF sweep.
Page 89 Key Reference Ampl Start Press this softkey to set the start amplitude in an amplitude sweep. In an amplitude sweep, the start amplitude value must always be set lower than the stop amplitude value.
Page 90 Key Reference Insert Row Press this softkey to insert an additional new row below the current row. The user can then edit the testing sequence data based on these two rows. If both the Sweep Trigger and the Point Trigger are set to key, the signal generator will arm a sweep upon selecting a sweep mode. However, it requires the user to press the hardkey to initiate a point- by- point sweep.
Page Trigger Key Reference Trigger Press the hardkey to trigger initiate an armed sweep Trigger or each point in a sweep. Only active when the sweep trigger or the point trigger are set to Key. Page 96 Key Reference Error Info Press this softkey to access a selection menu for viewing error messages.
Press Clear will delete all the messages stored in the error message queue. You cannot recover message after performing this action; Page 97 Key Reference Opt.
Selecting ResFM Opt. Page 98 Key Reference A controller computer can be a personal computer PC , or a minicomputer. Some intelligent instruments can also function as controllers. Keysight IO Libraries Suite version Select it and press Next.
The USB specification supports a wide variety of devices that range from lower- speed devices, such as keyboards and mice to higher- speed devices, such as digital camera and intelligent instruments. A controller can be a personal computer PC , a minicomputer, or a plug-in card in a card cage. The command is correct and will not cause errors. Program Messages Program messages are the formatted data sent from the controller to the instrument.
SCPI uses a hierarchical structure for subsystem commands similar to the file system on most computers. In SCPI, this command structure is called a command tree. Page Ieee The common commands are defined by IEEE All common commands begin with an asterisk. It comes with all the capability and reliability you need — at a price you always wanted.
The signal generator is easy to operate. Cookies are a common tool used on many websites. We use cookies for several reasons including to ensure that we deliver you the best experience on our website. We also use cookies to personalise content and to analyse our web traffic, which helps us to improve and provide you a better experience every time. You are browsing the UK site.
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