By , Dr. Frederick W. Schanze owned and operated a drug store at North and Pennsylvania Avenues immediately abutting the stable.
It will be entirely fireproof with cement floorings. The face is to be of ornamental stone, marble and concrete, lighted by vari-colored electric lights. The interior is to be finished in hardwood and oak, equipped with steam heat and electric lighting. The proposed building, which is to be two full stories, will be entirely fireproof. It is to be of reinforced concrete, with tile roof and ornamental cornice. The framework will be of steel and wrought iron.
The playhouse will front 40 feet on Pennsylvania Avenue and extend back feet. The first floor will be used for the vaudeville theatre and motion pictures, and the second floor will be used for the hall.
A spacious stage with vari-colored footlights will be arranged. The hall is to have appurtenances for balls and dances, including cloakrooms. The entire front is to be decorated with electric lights. When completed the building will be one of the largest and handsomest of its kind in that section. By March , Emmart completed the drawings and submitted an application to the Building Inspector's office for a permit.
Baltimore was in the midst of a movie theater building boom, going from eight movie theaters erected in to a total of by Born in , Paul Emmart designed a variety of local buildings between and Baltimore Street and Frederick Avenue.
Unlike the Schanze, however, the West End closed in A reception was held by the proprietor, F. A large crowd attended and inspected the playhouse and the large hall over it. The theatre has a seating capacity of and a large stage adapted to vaudeville productions. The daily performance will consist of two acts of vaudeville and three picture films. In addition to sharing the same architect, the Schanze Theatre also shared performers with the West End Theatre.
During the week there will be a progress of three or four pictures, which will be changed daily. Most theaters in Baltimore at this time were small, seating only about people. Architectural style and decoration could be plain or quite elaborate: many early theaters had lavish classical ornamentation, while others were built in existing structures. The program at the Schanze and West End theaters typically consisted of a feature movie and two shorts; this was usually accompanied by live entertainment on piano, organ, or drums, in contrast to the larger theaters that sometimes had entire orchestras.
Slide shows previewed movies or illustrated songs, and short skits followed the movie. In the late s and s, however, movies began to eclipse vaudeville in popularity.
After , the Schanze faced competition from the Metropolitan Theatre, an 1,seat theater at the northeast corner of North and Pennsylvania Avenues designed by architect Otto G. The increased competition may have contributed to Dr. Durkee Enterprises was founded around , when early movie house owner Frank H. Durkee partnered with C.
Pacy and Charles E. Nolte to establish Durkee Enterprises. The business grew quickly to include the ownership or operation of eleven theaters by The box office was in the middle of the sidewalk. It was small, with a center aisle and wooden seats on either side, a wood floor, high ceiling, and no air-conditioning.
It had a large stage and curtain. In its day they had live music for dancing and weddings. The changes to the old Schanze Theatre were matched by broader changes in the social life of Pennsylvania Avenue in the early s. Beginning the late nineteenth century, black residents had moved out of downtown to buy and rent homes in the neighborhoods now known as Upton and Druid Heights, despite violent attacks by white neighbors, residential segregation ordinances, and restrictive covenants.
In the mid twentieth century, the twenty-three blocks of Pennsylvania Avenue between Franklin Street and Fulton Avenue were a site of all kinds of public celebration and private entertainment for black Baltimoreans. The changing makeup of Pennsylvania Avenue and the continually changing business of neighborhood movie theatres likely contributed to a decade of changing management at the Schanze Theatre.
While historian Robert Headley has suggested that the theater began hiring black staff around March , this is contradicted by other reports. In January , the theater adopted a new name, the Cinema Theatre, and started showing Yiddish-language movies and foreign films for the number of Jewish residents who lived in nearby Reservoir Hill, Park Circle, and Easterwood Park. The second floor meeting hall was renamed Tel Aviv Hall.
Frederick Schanze died on January 10, , in his home at N. Longwood Street. Schanze was survived by his wife, Mrs. Between and , the second floor meeting space, known as Morgan Hall, hosted a variety of lectures, meetings, and performances by white Communist organizations and black community groups. In , the Baltimore Forum, a group associated with local members of the Communist party, organized a series of lectures at the hall.
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